Post your Where Columbus Was Coming From comments here.
Briefly comment on the following categories, showing either the achievements or backwardness of the 15th century Europeans. Use two examples from the S.P.R.I.T.E. model we discussed in class.
religious: men believed that the body was a sleeve of flesh containing an immortal soul technological: egg tempera (both are found on the first page in the fifth paragraph)
Religious: Whatever a painting's subject, most were painted "for the Greater Glory of God.
Technological: It wasn't until 1610 that Galileo perfected a telescope good enough to see the moons of Jupiter and to observe that Venus had phases like our moon.
Intellectual: "Worldliness in thought and inquiry led to humanism, which ultimately would threaten both the simple faith that allowed people to bear up under adversity..." Bottom page 3
Intellectual/Social: "Showtime for humanism; in short, the end of the Middle Ages and the dawn of the Western science; the dazzling moment when modern man was born." Middle page 1
Religion: "And beside them the shape of a great cross which, in perspective, looms higher than the distant masts of the three delicate little ships offshore." (page 1, paragraph 1)
Intellectual: "Galen never understood that the heart is a muscle; he though blood was moved back and forth, like the tide, impelled by some mysterious heavenly spirit." (page 5, last paragraph)
Political: Kingdoms were becoming nation-states or absolute monarchies, enlisting or extorting financial help from rich cities and merchants, raising forces to make war on rival countries and also to strengthen the crown by putting down brigandage and local disorders. Political:The parts of Italy were constantly fighting with one another, and later being fought over by Spain and France in combinations and alliances that shifted, sometimes from month to month, making carnage fairly constant. (both found on page two)
Social: "In the 15th century three out of five children failed to reach the age of 5; fully half did not make it to age 20" (page 6 paragraph 5)
Social: "this remarkable creation, cruel and greedy, yet capable of selflessness and heroism, located somewhere between the beasts and the angels in the great chain of being, had one unique and distinguishing skill and virtue--the compulsion and the capacity to learn and experiment" (page 9 paragraph 2)
technological: Advances in the fields of engineering, design and science proceeded by fits and starts. More universities were founded. Arabic numerals began replacing Roman numerals in the pagination of books. Arabic and Greek learning in the fields of geometry, algebra, astronomy, geography and medicine were introduced into study. But people's notions of the Universe and of the human body remained hopelessly inaccurate. Even with the new type, word often didn't get around.
Social: Christians were not allowed to enslave other Christians, but many city families in 15th-century Europe had a domestic slave or two. Mostly young, white and female, they lived with the family and found it relatively easy to marry or work their way to freedom. They were acquired as pagans, usually in Eastern Europe or Circassia, and baptized to save their souls only after they were in service. (As early as the 12th century, the word for "slave" in Italian, German, Spanish, French and English derived from the word "Slav.")
Intellectual: "....Nicholas Copernicus...made the world understand that Earth orbited around the sun." (p. 5 first paragraph)
Political: "Venice alone remained a real republic, run by an austere and farsighted oligarchy, with overseas possessions like the island of Cyprus." (p. 2 second paragraph)
Social: Punishments were terrible, yet people eagerly flocked to see them." (pg 3 third paragraph)
Religious?social: "Throughout, unworldly purity within the church tried to reform it and failed, though thousands of the selfless religious took care of lepers and ran the hospitals, almshouses and orphanages." (pg 3 last paragraph)
social:Baths were rare by modern standards, perfume prevalent. You brought your own knife to table, used it to cut off what you would eat, which was deposited on a slab of hardtack bread, known as a trencher....Basically you ate with your hands (2nd page 4th paragraph) Technology: As guns and explosives were perfected, even walled towns were no guarantee of safety. ( 3rd page first 4 lines)
Michelangelo Sonnet V No longer true or sane, The judgement now doth from the mind proceed
The Divine Comedy, Parasido The sun that warmed my bosom first with love Had brought the beauteous face of truth to light, Unveiling it by proof and counter-proof
religious: men believed that the body was a sleeve of flesh containing an immortal soul
ReplyDeletetechnological: egg tempera
(both are found on the first page in the fifth paragraph)
Religious: That same year the Spanish Inquisition issued an ultimatum to all Spanish Jews: convert to Christianity or quit the country in four months.
ReplyDeleteSocial: Baths were rare by modern standards, perfume prevalent.
Political: Kingdoms were becoming nation states or absolute monarchies
ReplyDeleteTechnological: Three years before Columbus set out on his third voyage in 1498 the first dry-dock was built in England
political-They killed Emperor Constantine in battle and converted the basilica of Santa Sophia into a mosque.
ReplyDeleteTechnology-As guns and explosives were perfected, even walled towns were no guarantee of safety.
Religious: The threat of Islam did not end until 1683, outside the gates of Vienna. (2nd page)
ReplyDeleteIntellectual: More universities were founded. Arabic numerals began replacing Roman numerals in the pagination of books. (4th page)
Religious: Whatever a painting's subject, most were painted "for the Greater Glory of God.
ReplyDeleteTechnological: It wasn't until 1610 that Galileo perfected a telescope good enough to see the moons of Jupiter and to observe that Venus had phases like our moon.
Social: " Few ages had more morbid fascination with torment, killing and death, or art and action to to satisfy it." ( 3rd Page 2nd Paragraph )
ReplyDeleteTechnology: "War never went out of style, but it was changing with the advent of guns and explosives." ( 2nd Page 5th Paragraph )
Social: There were new codes of manners(don't scratch yourself or pick your teeth at the table) and how-to books (how to joust).
ReplyDeletePolitical: Venice created the world's most skilled diplomatic corps. Her espionage service was the envy of the world.
Intellectual: "Worldliness in thought and inquiry led to humanism, which ultimately would threaten both the simple faith that allowed people to bear up under adversity..." Bottom page 3
ReplyDeleteIntellectual/Social: "Showtime for humanism; in short, the end of the Middle Ages and the dawn of the Western science; the dazzling moment when modern man was born." Middle page 1
Religion: "And beside them the shape of a great cross which, in perspective, looms higher than the distant masts of the three delicate little ships offshore."
ReplyDelete(page 1, paragraph 1)
Intellectual: "Galen never understood that the heart is a muscle; he though blood was moved back and forth, like the tide, impelled by some mysterious heavenly spirit."
(page 5, last paragraph)
Religious: "They killed Emperor Constantine in battle and converted the basilica of Santa Sophia into a mosque."
ReplyDeleteSocial: "There were new codes of manners (don't scratch yourself or pick your teeth) and how- to books (how to joust)."
Political: Kingdoms were becoming nation-states or absolute monarchies, enlisting or extorting financial help from rich cities and merchants, raising forces to make war on rival countries and also to strengthen the crown by putting down brigandage and local disorders.
ReplyDeletePolitical:The parts of Italy were constantly fighting with one another, and later being fought over
by Spain and France in combinations and alliances that shifted, sometimes from month to month, making carnage fairly constant.
(both found on page two)
Social: "In the 15th century three out of five children failed to reach the age of 5; fully half did not make it to age 20" (page 6 paragraph 5)
ReplyDeleteSocial: "this remarkable creation, cruel and greedy, yet capable of selflessness and heroism, located somewhere between the beasts and the angels in the great chain of being, had one unique and distinguishing skill and virtue--the compulsion and the capacity to learn and experiment" (page 9 paragraph 2)
technological: Advances in the fields of engineering, design and science proceeded by fits and starts. More universities were founded. Arabic numerals began replacing Roman numerals in the pagination
ReplyDeleteof books. Arabic and Greek learning in the fields of geometry, algebra, astronomy, geography and medicine were introduced into study. But people's notions of the Universe and of the human
body remained hopelessly inaccurate. Even with the new type, word often didn't get around.
Social: Christians were not allowed to enslave other Christians, but many city families in 15th-century Europe had a domestic slave or two. Mostly young, white and female, they lived with the family
and found it relatively easy to marry or work their way to freedom. They were acquired as pagans, usually in Eastern Europe or Circassia, and baptized to save their souls only after they were in service. (As early as the 12th century, the word for "slave" in Italian, German, Spanish, French and English derived from the word "Slav.")
Economic:
ReplyDelete"I came here seeking religious freedom" one says, "But now I think maybe I'll go into real estate."
pg.1 Third paragraph
Economic:
"Kingdoms were...enlisting or extorting financial help from rich cities and merchants."
pg.2 Second to last paragraph.
Intellectual: "....Nicholas Copernicus...made the world understand that Earth orbited around the sun." (p. 5 first paragraph)
ReplyDeletePolitical: "Venice alone remained a real republic, run by an austere and farsighted oligarchy, with overseas possessions like the island of Cyprus." (p. 2 second paragraph)
Social: Punishments were terrible, yet people eagerly flocked to see them." (pg 3 third paragraph)
ReplyDeleteReligious?social: "Throughout, unworldly purity within the church tried to reform it and failed, though thousands of the selfless religious took care of lepers and ran the hospitals, almshouses and orphanages." (pg 3 last paragraph)
social:Baths were rare by modern standards, perfume prevalent. You brought your own knife to table, used it to cut off what you would eat, which was deposited on a slab of hardtack bread, known as a trencher....Basically you ate with your hands (2nd page 4th paragraph)
ReplyDeleteTechnology: As guns and explosives were perfected, even walled towns were no guarantee of safety. ( 3rd page first 4 lines)
Michelangelo Sonnet V
ReplyDeleteNo longer true or sane,
The judgement now doth from the mind proceed
The Divine Comedy, Parasido
The sun that warmed my bosom first with love
Had brought the beauteous face of truth to light,
Unveiling it by proof and counter-proof